Culture Spotlight: The Three Friends of Winter (歲寒三友)

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Bamboo, pine, and plum in Lan Su's plaza

Here is a new year personality pop quiz for you— Between the pine, bamboo, and plum, which one do you think represents you the best?

Let me explain: In Chinese culture, these three plants each hold special meaning:

The Pine: Evergreen, strong, and wise—like a venerable scholar. The pine symbolizes wisdom, strength, and longevity.

The Bamboo: Flexible and humble—it bends, but rarely breaks, and its hollow stems are a symbol of humbleness, never full of itself.

The Plum: Blooming at the year’s end, the plum stands for resilience and hope, as its blossoms are the first sign of spring.

At a recent Lan Su staff meeting, we used this as an icebreaker. To my surprise, most of my coworkers saw themselves as plums! Me? I’m the odd one that picked bamboo (Yes, I like to think I’m flexible and humble!)

Fun fact: These three plants together form a classic cultural motif known as “The Three Friends of Winter” (歲寒三友). They all thrive during the coldest season and become inspiration of generations of poets, artists, and musicians. Here is a stunning example, a painting scroll by the famous 16th-century scholar, Wen Zhengming of Suzhou.)

明 文徵明 歲寒三友 The Three Friends of Winter by Wen Zhengming; Credit: National Palace Museum, Taipei, Taiwan.

Across China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, the Three Friends of Winter have become iconic symbols of the ideal qualities of scholars and are often associated with the arrival of the new year.

Fortunately, you and I don’t have to travel to Asia to be inspired by these “Friends of Winter.” You can spot the trio at Lan Su’s Entrance Plaza and by the Knowing the Fish Pavilion. And if you’ve been visiting for a while, you might know of another hidden gem that showcases this trio—the ginkgo wood panel inside the Hall of the Brocade Clouds. Look closely, and you’ll find detailed carvings of the pine, bamboo, and plum.

Don’t forget to check them out during your next visit to Lan Su. May these “Friends of Winter” inspire you, as they’ve inspired Chinese scholars for centuries, offering strength, flexibility, and hope for the new year.

Venus Sun at Lan Su Chinese Garden

Venus Sun
Vice President of Culture & Community
Lan Su Chinese Garden

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